A high-voltage electric system facility. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. It also is used […]

The lower part of a building which is constructed below the ground level. The function of substructure is the transfer of loads from the superstructure to […]

A hydraulic structure designed to control pressure and flow fluctuations in a penstock or tunnel. It functions as a reservoir that temporarily stores or releases water […]

A concentration of electrical equipment which connects two or more electric circuits through switches, selectively arranged in order to permit a circuit to be disconnected or […]

The river channel into which water is discharged after passing through the outlet works or turbines.

A gate with a curved upstream plate and radial arms hinged to piers or other supporting structure.

A gravity dam built up of boxes, crossed timbers or gabions (cages), filled with earth or rock.

A dam constructed of timber cells filled with rock ballast and covered with sheathing on the water side to minimize leakage.

Total Maximum Daily Load – The calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant allowed to enter a waterbody so that the waterbody will meet and […]