LIHI Certificate #102 - Putts Bridge Hydroelectric Project , Massachusetts
The dam, built in 1918, crosses the Chicopee River in a roughly north-to-south direction, and is a concrete gravity structure approximately 223-foot long by 22-foot high. The northern abutment of the dam is contiguous with the abutment for the Ludlow Avenue Bridge. Adjacent to this abutment are a skimming gate with invert at El. 199.7 feet and a deep sluice gate with invert at El. 183.9 feet. The deck elevation at the two gates is El. 212.9 feet. A 23-foot non-overflow section extends from the gate area to the 200-foot long ogee spillway which extends across the river to the south abutment, El. 212.9 feet. A concrete retaining wall extends from the south abutment at El. 212.9 feet for approximately 133 feet.
At normal pond elevation the Putts Bridge Project impoundment extends approximately 3.3 miles upstream of the dam. At normal pond condition, the maximum surface area is approximately 65 acres at El. 205.3’. While the maximum useable storage of the reservoir is 323 acre-feet, the used storage capacity is just 65 acre-feet. While the permitted daily drawdown is 1 foot during the spring and 2 foot for the balance of the year (except during energy audits and system emergencies when this limit may be exceeded), the actual year-round drawdown is 1 foot.
The concrete headgate structure is adjacent to the northeast abutment of the dam, and has a deck elevation of 212.9 feet. Six motorized headgates, each approximately 12 feet wide by 13.3 feet high direct the flow to the underground concrete conduits that lead to the powerhouse forebay. A double-barreled, underground concrete conduit extends 647 feet from the impoundment to the forebay. Each barrel of the conduit is 16.5 feet high by 12.5 feet wide.
The forebay is a reinforced concrete structure measuring 40 feet wide by 104 feet long. The forebay is 41.5 feet high, with a top elevation of 210.3 feet. There is a 2.5-foot diameter spigot type drain gate at the base of the forebay, and an 18-foot wide skimming gate on the north forebay.
The trashrack is situated along the western forebay wall, extending from the floor of the forebay (El. 169.4 feet to El. 208.1 feet). There is a mechanical trash rake mounted on rails along the entire width of the trashrack. Wooden headgates, measuring 14.3 feet square, isolate the forebay from the generating units.
The Putts Bridge Project powerhouse has a concrete substructure with a brick superstructure. It measures 45 feet wide by 154 feet long. The structure houses the two operating units, No.2 and No.3, and one retired, No. 4. Unit No.1 was never installed although the turbine pit is there. Unit No.5 is a retired waterwheel exciter. The normal tailrace elevation is 160.9 feet. The tailrace canal runs 355 feet from the powerhouse in a westerly direction to where the flow re-enters the Chicopee River.
The powerhouse’s 11.5 KV generators are connected to 11.5 KV circuit breaker to a 4.5 MVA autotransformer located at WMECO’s North Street substation. At the substation, the autotransformer steps the voltage up from 11.5 KV to 13.8 KV for interconnection to WMECO’s 13.8 KV distribution system.
The Putts Bridge project is situated upstream of three other hydroelectric facilities located on the Chicopee River and downstream of two other dams on the Chicopee River as well as other dams on the Ware, Swift and Quaboag Rivers. Two of the three downstream hydroelectric facilities are owned and operated by Central Rivers Power, MA – Dwight Station Project (P-10675) and Indian Orchard Project (P-10678). The Red Bridge Project (P-10676) is located upstream and also owned and operated by Central Rivers Power, MA. Immediately upstream of the Putts Bridge Project is Collins Dam Project (P-6544) and immediately upstream of Dwight Station Project is Chicopee Falls Dam (P-6522).
The Project and the other Central Rivers Power, MA dams on the Chicopee River have little to no control over their inflows. Collins Hydro and Chicopee Falls dams are owned and operated by unrelated entities as are all of the hydroelectric projects on the upstream tributaries of the Chicopee River.
The Putts Bridge project is operated in a limited pond-and-release mode, utilizing the useable storage capacity (65 acre-feet) afforded by a 1.0 foot drawdown during the second quarter and 2.0 foot drawdown during the balance of the year. The station is operated semi-automatically by float controls. The operating mode of the Putts Bridge project does not change during dry, mean or high water years. As flows vary at the Project, the number of turbines operating and the duration of operation changes, increasing and decreasing the amount of generation realized.
| Project Name | Putts Bridge |
| LIHI Certificate No. | 102 |
| LIHI Certificate Term | December 20, 2017 - December 19, 2022 |
| Owner | Central Rivers Power MA, LLC |
| State | Massachusetts |
| Location | Located at approximate river mile 9.2 on the Chicopee River in the Towns of Wilbraham and Ludlow and City of Springfield in Hampden County, Massachusetts. |
| Installed Capacity | 3.9 MW |
| Average Annual Generation | 13,713 MWh |
| Facility Type | Limited pond-and-release |
| FERC No. | P-10677 exempt 1992 |
Certification History
August 8, 2019: The decision to recertify the Putts Bridge Hydroelectric Project is final. No appeals were received during the appeal period which closed on July 19, 2019. The new certification term for the Project is from December 20, 2017 through December 19, 2022. June 19, 2019: The Low Impact Hydropower Institute has preliminarily approved Low Impact Certification for the Putts Bridge Hydroelectric Project. The Certification includes two conditions: Condition 1: Should the Facility Owner receive notification during the term of this LIHI Certification from either the USFWS or MDFW that upstream and/or downstream passage for anadromous or catadromous fish is required, based on sound science / technical data that has shown that such passage is required at the Putts Bridge Project, the Facility Owner shall forward a copy of that notification and its response to LIHI within 45 days of receipt of the notification. Condition 2: Should the Facility Owner determine that ground disturbance or significant changes in project operations are desired during the term of this LIHI Certification that could affect habitat for the swamp dock, the Facility Owner shall conduct studies and filings deemed necessary by the state to determine impacts to swamp dock that may occur in the Project area. LIHI shall be provided copies of agency communications (e.g. approvals, denials, mitigation measures, etc.) associated with such desired Project changes. This information should be submitted as part of the LIHI annual compliance statements. This decision is preliminary pending the 30-day appeal window. Only those who commented on the initial application during the 60-day comment period are eligible to file an appeal. Such appeal needs to include an explanation as to how the Project does not meet the LIHI criteria. Appeal requests can be submitted by email to comments@lowimpacthydro.org with “Putts Bridge Hydroelectric Project” in the subject line, or by mail addressed to the Low Impact Hydropower Institute, 329 Massachusetts Ave, Suite 6, Lexington, MA 02420. All requests will be posted to the website. The applicant will have an opportunity to respond and any response will also be posted. Requests must be received by 5 pm Eastern time on July 19, 2019. The full application and reviewers report are available below. If no appeal requests are received and the decision becomes final, the Certification term for the Project will be December 20, 2017 for a five (5) year term which will expire on December 19, 2022. April 8, 2019: The Low Impact Hydropower Institute has received a complete application for Low Impact Recertification of the Putts Bridge Hydroelectric Project. LIHI is seeking public comment on this application. Specifically, we are interested in knowing whether you think the Project meets the LIHI Low Impact Certification Criteria, as revised in the 2nd Edition Handbook. Please review the program and criteria in LIHI’s revised Handbook and then review the Project’s application materials below. Comments that are directly tied to specific LIHI criteria (flows, water quality, fish passage, etc.) will be most helpful, but all comments will be considered. Comments may be submitted to the Institute by e-mail at comments@lowimpacthydro.org with “Putts Bridge Project Comments” in the subject line, or by mail addressed to the Low Impact Hydropower Institute, 329 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 6, Lexington, MA 02420. Comments must be received on or before 5 pm Eastern time on June 7, 2019 to be considered. All comments will be posted to the web site and the applicant will have an opportunity to respond. Any response will also be posted. March 12, 2013: The Putts Bridge Hydroelectric Project has been certified as low impact for a five year term, effective December 20, 2012 and expiring December 20, 2017, with the following conditions:- Condition satisfied 2015. As the final confirmation that the recently submitted Minimum Flow and Impoundment Fluctuation Monitoring Plan sufficiently addresses compliance with the various flow requirements is contingent upon review and approval of six months of flow data by the USFWS, Essential Power shall provide LIHI a letter documenting that such records have been provided within nine months of Project certification.
- Condition satisfied 2015. Essential Power shall certify to LIHI that the 24-hour period of empirical data to compare with the calculated flows for USFWS's evaluation of the Flow Monitoring Plan has been provided. Essential Power shall also provide LIHI, documentation of the USFWS review/approval or concerns found with this data comparison within nine months of Project Certification.
- Condition satisfied 2015. Should the review process in Condition #2 find that modifications are needed to the Flow Monitoring Plan, Essential Power shall forward a copy of the modifications, along with resource agency approval of these modifications, within one month of the Plan submission to FERC. Essential Power shall also provide LIHI a copy of FERC's final Plan approval within one month of receipt of this approval.